Control lipídico y factores de riesgo asociados, antes del padecimiento del primer evento cardiovascular / Lipid control and associated risk factors, before suffering from the first cardiovascular event

Objetivos: Conocer el grado de control lipídico previo al primer accidente cardiovascular en población atendida durante 2013 en Atención Primaria. Analizar la distribución de dichos eventos según intervalos de control de colesterol LDL (LDL-col), colesterol HDL (HDL-col) y triglicéridos (TG). Método: Estudio descriptivo transversal multicéntrico. Sujetos: mayores de 18 años atendidos en centros del Servicio (SAP) Baix Llobregat Nord, que habían sufrido un primer evento (ECV) isquémico cardiaco (CI) o cerebral (CV) del 01/01/2013 al 31/12/2013. Mediciones: edad, sexo, tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial, diabetes, dislipemia, obesidad, colesterol total (col-tot), LDL-col, HDL-col, TG, presión arterial sistólica, diastólica, IMC, HbA1c, índices aterogénicos, REGICOR, fármacos. Resultados: Trescientos setenta y nueve sujetos afectos, 197 (52%) cardiaco y 182 (48%) cerebral. Doscientos veinticinco (59,4%) varones; edad media en el diagnóstico 68,9 años (DS 13,7), 71,2 (DS 14,4) en CV (p: 0,001). Hipertensión 214 (56,5%), diabetes 113 (29,8%), DLP 193 (50,9%). Casos en LDL < 100-159: 88%, HDL ≥ 40/50: 72,8%, TG < 150: 71,3%. Media col-tot: 198,3 mg/dl (DS 40,2); LDL-col 121 (DS 33,8), LDL-col < 130: 170 (58,6%). Media HDL-col: 52,5 mg/dl (DS 15,4) y TG: 130,9 mg/dl (DS 73,2) (CI: 139,5 [DS 84,2] vs. CV: 120,9 [DS 55,9] [p: 0,003]). col-tot/HDL-col óptimo 67%, TG/HDL-col óptimo 39,8%. CI: col-tot/HDL-col óptimo varón vs. mujer: 51,2 vs. 76,9% (p 0,002); TG/HDL-col óptimo varón vs. mujer: 28% vs. 53,8% (p 0,004). Conclusiones: La cuantía de eventos fue similar en ambos territorios, y la edad media en el diagnóstico algo mayor en CV. Hipertensión, DLP y obesidad son los FRCV más prevalentes, y su control en prevención primaria es susceptible de mejora. La mayor parte de los casos se agruparon en los intervalos lipídicos LDL < 100-159 mg/dl, HDL ≥ 40/50 mg/dl y TG < 150 mg/dl

Objective: To ascertain the degree of lipidic control before the first cardiovascular accident in population attended during 2013 at Primary Care. To analyze the distribution of these events depending on control intervals of cholesterol LDL (LDL-chol), cholesterol HDL (HDL-chol) and triglycerides (TG). Method: A multicentric cross-sectional, descriptive study on above 18-year-old people attended at the centres of the Primari Care Service (PCS) Baix Llobregat Nord, who had suffered a first cardiac or cerebral ischemic attack from 01/01/2013 to 31/12/2013. Variables collected included age,sex, smoking, high blood preassure,diabetes, dyslipidemia (DLP), obesity, total cholesterol (chol-tot), LDL-chol, HDL-chol, TG, systolic and diastolic blood preassure (SBP,DBP), IMC, HbA1c, atherogenic indices, REGICOR, drugs. Results: 379 affected people, among them 197 (52%) heart attack and 182 (48%) stroke (ictus). Two hundred and twenty-five (54.4%) males, diagnosis median age 68.9 years (DS 13.7), 71.2 (DS 14.4) in CV (p: .001). High blood preassure 214 (56.5%), diabetes 113 (29.8%), DLP 193 (50.9%). Cases in LDL< 100-159: 88%, HDL ≥ 40/50: 72.8%, TG < 150: 71.3%. chol-tot average: 198.3 mg/dl (DS 40.2), LDL-chol:121 (DS 33.8), LDL-chol < 130:170 (58.6%). HDL-chol average: 52.5 mg/dl (DS 15.4) and TG: 130.9 mg/dl (DS 73.2) (CI:139.5 [DS 84.2] vs. CV: 120.9 [DS 55.9] [p: .003]). Optimal chol-tot/HDL-chol 67%, optimal TG/HDL-chol 39.8%. CI:optimal chol-tot/HDL-chol male vs. female: 51.2% vs. 76.9% (p: .002); optimal TG/HDL-chol male vs. female: 28% vs. 53.8% (p: .004). Conclusions: The quantity of events was similar in both cardiac and cerebral territories, whereas the median age in the diagnosis was a little higher in CV. High blood preassure, DLP and obesity are the most prevalent FRCV, and its control at primary prevention is improvable. Most of the cases were grouped in the LDL lipid ranges < 100-159 mg/dl, HDL ≥ 40/50 mg/dl and TG < 150 mg/dl

Lipid control and associated risk factors, before suffering from the first cardiovascular event. / Control lipídico y factores de riesgo asociados, antes del padecimiento del primer evento cardiovascular.

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the degree of lipidic control before the first cardiovascular accident in population attended during 2013 at Primary Care. To analyze the distribution of these events depending on control intervals of cholesterol LDL (LDL-chol), cholesterol HDL (HDL-chol) and triglycerides (TG). METHOD: A multicentric cross-sectional, descriptive study on above 18-year-old people attended at the centres of the Primari Care Service (PCS) Baix Llobregat Nord, who had suffered a first cardiac or cerebral ischemic attack from 01/01/2013 to 31/12/2013. Variables collected included age,sex, smoking, high blood preassure,diabetes, dyslipidemia (DLP), obesity, total cholesterol (chol-tot), LDL-chol, HDL-chol, TG, systolic and diastolic blood preassure (SBP,DBP), IMC, HbA1c, atherogenic indices, REGICOR, drugs. RESULTS: 379 affected people, among them 197 (52%) heart attack and 182 (48%) stroke (ictus). Two hundred and twenty-five (54.4%) males, diagnosis median age 68.9 years (DS 13.7), 71.2 (DS 14.4) in CV (p: .001). High blood preassure 214 (56.5%), diabetes 113 (29.8%), DLP 193 (50.9%). Cases in LDL<100-159: 88%, HDL≥40/50: 72.8%, TG<150: 71.3%. chol-tot average: 198.3 mg/dl (DS 40.2), LDL-chol:121 (DS 33.8), LDL-chol<130:170 (58.6%). HDL-chol average: 52.5 mg/dl (DS 15.4) and TG: 130.9 mg/dl (DS 73.2) (CI:139.5 [DS 84.2] vs. CV: 120.9 [DS 55.9] [p: .003]). Optimal chol-tot/HDL-chol 67%, optimal TG/HDL-chol 39.8%. CI:optimal chol-tot/HDL-chol male vs. female: 51.2% vs. 76.9% (p: .002); optimal TG/HDL-chol male vs. female: 28% vs. 53.8% (p: .004). CONCLUSIONS: The quantity of events was similar in both cardiac and cerebral territories, whereas the median age in the diagnosis was a little higher in CV. High blood preassure, DLP and obesity are the most prevalent FRCV, and its control at primary prevention is improvable. Most of the cases were grouped in the LDL lipid ranges <100-159mg/dl, HDL ≥ 40/50mg/dl and TG <150mg/dl.

Seguimiento de las recomendaciones en prevención secundaria cerebrovascular en atención primaria / Compliance with recommendations in secondary prevention of stroke in primary care

OBJETIVO: Conocer el grado de seguimiento de las recomendaciones en prevención secundaria cerebrovascular en atención primaria e identificar factores asociados. DISEÑO: Transversal multicéntrico. Emplazamiento: Centros de salud de atención primaria de un área metropolitana (944.280 habitantes). PARTICIPANTES: Pacientes mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de enfermedad cerebrovascular antes de 6 meses del estudio. Mediciones principales: Extracción de historia clínica informatizada de variables demográficas, factores de riesgo y comorbilidad cardiovascular, fármacos, valores de presión arterial (PA), colesterolLDL y visitas por medicina y enfermería posteriores al episodio. Se consideró buen control: PA < 140/90mmHg, colesterolLDL < 100mg/dl, abstención tabáquica y prescripción de fármacos preventivos (antiagregantes/anticoagulantes, estatinas e IECA/ARAII o diurético) en los últimos 18 meses. RESULTADOS: Un total de 21.976 sujetos, media de edad 73,1 años (DE: 12,1), 48% mujeres, el 72,7% con accidente vascular cerebral establecido. Comorbilidad: 70,8% HTA, 55,1% dislipidemia, 30,9% DM, 14,1% fibrilación auricular, 13,5% cardiopatía isquémica, 12,5% insuficiencia renal crónica, 8,8% insuficiencia cardiaca, 6,2% arteriopatía periférica, 7,8% demencia. Sin registro de: hábito tabáquico 3,7%, PA 3,5% y colesterolLDL 6,5%. Grado de control: 75,4% abstención tabáquica, 65,7% PA < 140/90 y 41,0% colesterolLDL< 100mg/dl. Tratamiento: 86,2% antiagregantes/anticoagulantes, 61,3% estatinas y 61,8% IECA/ARAII o diurético. El registro/grado de control fue superior en el grupo de 66-79 años e inferior en el de 18-40 años. CONCLUSIONES: El seguimiento de las recomendaciones de las guías clínicas para la prevención de la enfermedad cerebrovascular en atención primaria es mejorable, especialmente en los más jóvenes. Son necesarios cambios organizativos e intervención más activa de los profesionales, así como estrategias para combatir la inercia terapéutica

OBJECTIVE: Knowing compliance with secondary prevention recommendations of stroke in primary care and to identify factors associated with compliance. DESIGN: Multi-centre cross-sectional. SETTING: Health primary care centres in a metropolitan area (944,280 inhabitants). PARTICIPANTS: Patients aged 18 years and over with ischemic brain disease diagnosis prior to 6months before the study. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Clinical history records of demographic variables, risk factors and cardiovascular comorbidity, drugs, blood pressure values (BP), LDL-cholesterol and medical visits by doctor and nurses after the event. Good adherence was considered when BP < 140/90 mmHg, LDL-cholesterol < 100 mg/dL, smoking abstention and preventive drugs prescription (anti-platelet/anticoagulants, statins and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor-antagonists or diuretics) during the last 18 months. RESULTS: A total of 21,976 patients, mean age 73.12 years (SD: 12.13), 48% women, 72.7% with stroke. Co-morbidity: hypertension 70.8%, dyslipidemia 55.1%, DM 30.9%, atrial fibrillation 14.1%, ischemic heart disease 13.5%, chronic renal failure 12.5%, heart failure 8.8%, peripheral arterial disease 6.2%, dementia 7.8%. No record was found for smoking in 3.7%, for BP in 3.5% and for LDL in 6.5%. Optimal control: abstention smoking in 3.7%, BP < 140/90 in 65.7% and LDL < 100 mg/dL in 41.0%. Treatment: 86.2% anti-platelet/anticoagulants, 61.3% statins and 61.8% angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor-antagonists or diuretic. Registration and risk factors control was higher in 66-79 years aged and lower in 18-40 years aged. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of clinical guidelines recommendations for stroke prevention in primary care must be improved, especially among younger population. Organizational changes and more active involvement by professionals and strategies against therapeutic inertia must be taken

[Compliance with recommendations in secondary prevention of stroke in primary care]. / Seguimiento de las recomendaciones en prevención secundaria cerebrovascular en atención primaria.

OBJECTIVE: Knowing compliance with secondary prevention recommendations of stroke in primary care and to identify factors associated with compliance. DESIGN: Multi-centre cross-sectional. SETTING: Health primary care centres in a metropolitan area (944,280 inhabitants). PARTICIPANTS: Patients aged 18years and over with ischemic brain disease diagnosis prior to 6months before the study. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Clinical history records of demographic variables, risk factors and cardiovascular comorbidity, drugs, blood pressure values (BP), LDL-cholesterol and medical visits by doctor and nurses after the event. Good adherence was considered when BP <140/90 mmHg, LDL-cholesterol <100 mg/dL, smoking abstention and preventive drugs prescription (anti-platelet/anticoagulants, statins and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin-receptor-antagonists or diuretics) during the last 18months. RESULTS: A total of 21,976 patients, mean age 73.12 years (SD: 12.13), 48% women, 72.7% with stroke. Co-morbidity: hypertension 70.8%, dyslipidemia 55.1%, DM 30.9%, atrial fibrillation 14.1%, ischemic heart disease 13.5%, chronic renal failure 12.5%, heart failure 8.8%, peripheral arterial disease 6.2%, dementia 7.8%. No record was found for smoking in 3.7%, for BP in 3.5% and for LDL in 6.5%. Optimal control: abstention smoking in 3.7%, BP <140/90 in 65.7% and LDL <100 mg/dL in 41.0%. TREATMENT: 86.2% anti-platelet/anticoagulants, 61.3% statins and 61.8% angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor-antagonists or diuretic. Registration and risk factors control was higher in 66-79years aged and lower in 18-40years aged. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of clinical guidelines recommendations for stroke prevention in primary care must be improved, especially among younger population. Organizational changes and more active involvement by professionals and strategies against therapeutic inertia must be taken.

Síndrome metabólico y enfermedad arterial periférica: 2 enfermedades relacionadas / Metabolic syndrome and peripheral artery disease: Two related conditions

Objetivos: Conocer la prevalencia de síndrome metabólico (SM) en pacientes afectos de enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) en el centro de Atención Primaria (AP) de Martorell. Analizar las diferencias de comorbilidad y factores de riesgo cardiovascular asociados (FRCV) en pacientes con EAP según presenten o no SM. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Sujetos: pacientes diagnosticados de EAP según historia clínica informatizada de AP de Martorell. Mediciones: edad, sexo, hipertensión arterial (HTA), dislipidemia (DLP), diabetes (DM), tabaquismo, obesidad, enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV), disfunción eréctil (DE), insuficiencia renal (IR) y oligoalbuminuria. Análisis: frecuencias para variables discretas, medias y desviación típica (DS) para las variables continuas. Se realizó análisis bivariante que comparaba pacientes que presentaban EAP y SM con los que solo presentaban EAP. Resultados: Un total de 131 pacientes diagnosticados de EAP, 104 (79%) varones. De ellos, 63 (48,1%) presentaron SM, de los que 46 (73%) eran varones. Los pacientes que combinaban EAP y SM, en comparación con los que solo tenían EAP, presentaban mayor prevalencia de HTA (87,3 vs. 60,3%; p: 0,001), DLP (77,8 vs. 60,3%; p: 0,03), DM (69,8 vs. 30,9%; p < 0,001), obesidad (25,4 vs. 10,3%; p: 0,03), ECV (42,9 vs. 19,1%; p: 0,004), DE (81,3 vs. 54,3%; p: 0,02) e IR (40,3 vs. 17,9%; p: 0,006). Conclusiones: Los pacientes que combinan EAP y SM presentan una mayor prevalencia de HTA, DLP, DM y obesidad; padecen más eventos cardiovasculares a nivel cardiaco o cerebral, y se asocian, también de manera significativa a entidades patológicas tan relevantes desde el punto de vista del pronóstico cardiovascular como la DE y la enfermedad renal crónica (AU)

Aims: To ascertain the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) at the Martorell primary care (PC) center. To analyze the differences in comorbidities and cardiovascular risk factors between patients with PAD with and without MS. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study on patients diagnosed with PAD according to computerized clinical records of the Martorell PC center. Variables collected included age, sex, high blood pressure (HBP), dyslipidemia (DLP), diabetes (DM), smoking, obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), erectile dysfunction (ED), renal failure (RF), and oligoalbuminuria. An analysis comparing patients with and without MS was performed. Results: There were 131 patients diagnosed with PAD, 104 (79%) of whom were male. Sixty-three (48.1%) also had MS. Patients with both PAD and MS had, as compared to those with PAD only, a higher prevalence of HBP (87.3 vs. 60.3%, P: 0.001), DLP (77.8 vs. 60.3%, P: 0.03), DM (69.8 vs. 30.9%, P<.001), obesity (25.4 vs. 10.3%, P: 0.03), CVD (42.9 vs. 19.1%); P: 0.004), ED (81.3 vs. 54.3%, P: 0.02), and RF (40.3 vs. 17.9%, P: 0.006). Conclusion: Patients with both PAD and MS had a higher prevalence of HBP, DLP, DM, and obesity. They also had more cardiovascular events and were significantly associated with pathological conditions highly relevant for cardiovascular prognosis such as erectile dysfunction and chronic kidney disease (AU)

Metabolic syndrome and peripheral artery disease: Two related conditions. / Síndrome metabólico y enfermedad arterial periférica: 2 enfermedades relacionadas.

AIMS: To ascertain the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) at the Martorell primary care (PC) center. To analyze the differences in comorbidities and cardiovascular risk factors between patients with PAD with and without MS. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive study on patients diagnosed with PAD according to computerized clinical records of the Martorell PC center. Variables collected included age, sex, high blood pressure (HBP), dyslipidemia (DLP), diabetes (DM), smoking, obesity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), erectile dysfunction (ED), renal failure (RF), and oligoalbuminuria. An analysis comparing patients with and without MS was performed. RESULTS: There were 131 patients diagnosed with PAD, 104 (79%) of whom were male. Sixty-three (48.1%) also had MS. Patients with both PAD and MS had, as compared to those with PAD only, a higher prevalence of HBP (87.3 vs. 60.3%, P: 0.001), DLP (77.8 vs. 60.3%, P: 0.03), DM (69.8 vs. 30.9%, P<.001), obesity (25.4 vs. 10.3%, P: 0.03), CVD (42.9 vs. 19.1%); P: 0.004), ED (81.3 vs. 54.3%, P: 0.02), and RF (40.3 vs. 17.9%, P: 0.006). CONCLUSION: Patients with both PAD and MS had a higher prevalence of HBP, DLP, DM, and obesity. They also had more cardiovascular events and were significantly associated with pathological conditions highly relevant for cardiovascular prognosis such as erectile dysfunction and chronic kidney disease.